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DSZ - a ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), XMODEM File Transfer Program
Chuck Forsberg
Omen Technology Inc
Omen Technology Incorporated
The High Reliability Software
17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road
Portland Oregon 97231
Modem: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200(Telebit PEP)
Compuserve:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF
UUCP: ...!tektronix!reed!omen!caf
Chapter 0 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 1
Chapter 0 DSZ Quick Reference 2
1. LICENSING INFORMATION
If you received dsz with another progam, even if your copy of the other
program is registered, this copy of dsz has not been registered.
Dsz is not and never has been public domain. Every version of dsz has
included a Copyright Notice and a prohibition against sale or
modification. Dsz is not free software. There is no usage counter or
other Trojan Horse in dsz, but if you use this program, you ought to
register it.
Dsz is a user supported program developed and supported by Chuck Forsberg,
owner of Omen Technology. Long hours of work and expen$ive resources went
to develop and support dsz for the myriad environments users use it in.
Unlike snazzy menu interfaces, developing reliable high speed transfer
protocols takes many hours of testing, often over expensive phone
connections. Two decades of communications experience and protocol
testing are distilled in Dsz.
Thank you for your support.
Non registered users are granted a license to use dsz for a limited
evaluation period. Otherwise, use of dsz requires registering the copy.
Registration enables advanced features.
1.1 Sharing DSZ Files
Feel free to share unmodified, unserialized copies of DSZ.ARC with your
friends and associates for their evaluation. This documentation file and
the MAILER file must be provided with all copies of DSZ except by prior
written permission from Omen Technology Inc.
No version of dsz may be sold, modified, patched, hacked, disassembled,
decompiled, or otherwise reverse engineered without the prior written
permission of Omen Technology Inc.
Distribution of programs and/or instructions on how to modify, patch,
disassemble, decompile, or otherwise reverse engineer dsz without prior
written permission by Omen Technology Inc is a theft of services and a
violation of federal copyright law, and will be referred to the FBI for
investigation and prosecution under federal conspiricy statutes.
Applicable RICO law provides for treble damages and recovery of attorney's
fees.
Distribution of dsz in any medium without this documentation file is an
unauthorized modification to dsz in an attempt to deprive the rightful
author of registration revenues. That is a theft of intellectual
property.
Chapter 1 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 2
Chapter 1 DSZ Quick Reference 3
If any version of dsz is distributed with any other product, software or
hardware, the product documentation must clearly and promimently state
that the customer's continued use of dsz requires registration directly
with Omen Technology or its duly authorized agent(s). When dsz is
distributed on disk, a contemporary copy of ZCOMMDOC.ARC must be included
on the same disk.
1.2 REGISTRATION
After a short evaluation period, users should register their copy of dsz
with a check for $20.00 in U.S. funds sent to:
Omen Technology Inc.
P.O. Box 4681
Portland, OR 97208
Canadians should remit to:
Dynamis Productivity Software LTD
P. O. Box 5008, Station B
Victoria BC v8r 6n3
The address on your check is sufficient, no need to fill out forms.
Don't bother scrounging for an envelope, just print the INSTANT MAILER
included in this archive!
Users, especially those overseas, may choose to register their copy of dsz
for $25.00 U.S. by providing their VISA or Mastercard card number with
expiration date and their name as it appears on their credit card.
***********************************************************
The user registration package includes a printed serial number card,
latest versions of the DSZ programs, the installation program which
enables features and bypasses the opening advertisement, and additional
documentation.
The registration package serializes all past and future versions of
DSZ.COM and DSZ.EXE.
***********************************************************
The unique serial number on the registration card is registered to the
user, and is accecptable proof of registration to corporate auditors.
The putsnp program inserts your unique DSZ Serial Number Password (SNP)
into you copy of DSZ:
putsnp dsz.com
Putsnp accepts your SNP and asks appropriate questions before inserting
the SNP.
The only legitimate way to disable the opening advertisement in dsz is to
Chapter 1 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 3
Chapter 1 DSZ Quick Reference 4
insert an authorized SNP obtained from Omen Technology into dsz with the
putsnp program. Any other suppression or modification of the opening
screen is an illegal, unethical theft of services.
1.3 Files on User Disk
The following files are currently included on the User Disk that is sent
to paid registrants.
DSZEXE.ZOO Contains DSZ.EXE.
DSZ.ARC Contains DSZ.COM and this document.
YZMODEM.ZOO Contains Official YMODEM and ZMODEM protocol descriptions.
LOOZ.DOC Documentation on running the LOOZ program
LOOZ.EXE Program to unpack .ZOO archives
RZSZ.ZOO ZMODEM C source code, porting base for several dozen ZMODEM
implementations
PUTSNP.EXE Installs your own registered serial number into DSZ.
DSZBG.DOC Background information for DSZ, part of the ZCOMM User's
Manual.
1.4 Bulletin Board Registration
Dsz may be freely used and copied by bulletin board systems which agree to
feature the ZCOMM files (ZCOMMEXE.ARC, ZCOMMDOC.ARC, ZCOMMHLP.ARC) for
downloading.
Omen Technology provides free bulletin board registrations under the
condition stated above to encourage the use of ZCOMM and Professional-YAM
communications software. A Dsz registration and diskettes with current
versions of the ZCOMM files (for bulletin board downloading) will be
mailed upon validation as a full time public bulletin board. Bulletin
boards meeting these requirements may register dsz without charge by
mailing a letter with your bulletin board's mailing address, telephone
number and valid login (account and password).
Free bulletin board registrations are accepted by post office mail only.
Chapter 1 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 4
Chapter 1 DSZ Quick Reference 5
The accumulation of free bulletin board registrations are fulfilled at
infrequent intervals when a major new release of ZCOMM is available.
2. DESCRIPTION
Dsz is a "protocol driver" that uses the ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), or
XMODEM protocol to transfer files over a serial port with a variety of
programs.
ZMODEM Transfers feature 32 bit CRC, crash recovery, and advanced file
management.
When calling bulletin boards to download files with ZMODEM or True
YMODEM(TM), you can avoid the bother of starting DSZ for each transfer by
calling dsz first, before asking the BBS for the download (dsz t). The
"t" command allows you to keyboard the file request to the BBS. DSZ's
ZMODEM AutoDownload then receives the file automatically, without any
wasted keystrokes or delay. Try it, you'll like it! (The "t" command is
described below.)
ZMODEM and True YMODEM(TM) transfers preserve exact file length and
modification time.
Dsz supports XMODEM-1k (XMODEM with 1024 byte blocks, sometimes mislabeled
YMODEM) and CRC-16 with the sx -k and rc commands.
Dsz is derived from Omen Technology's Professional-YAM communications
software, (also published by POLYTRON Corp of Hillsboro Oregon as
PowerCom(TM)), and supports a subset of Pro-YAM's file transfer related
commands. This documentation makes extensive references to contemporary
editions of the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual, and is incomplete without it.
Dsz is designed to be called from a communications bulletin board program.
Dsz may also be called from other communications programs, but the
combination lacks much of the enjoyable user friendliness of a program
with integrated ZMODEM.
Dsz uses its own modem I/O. The original interrupt vector, UART parity,
interrupt configuration, and 8259 interrupt mask are restored on exit.
Dsz uses DOS standard output (stdout) for messages. It never writes
directly to the screen. Dsz expects its standard output to point to the
console, a logging file, or NUL, not the modem port. If dsz's standard
output is redirected to the modem (as with ProComm's Host mode DOS shell),
the combination may lock up the computer. If necessary, dsz's standard
output may be redirected back to the console device with the CON command.
Dsz exits with 0 status for successful transfers, or the value of the Q
parameter (default 1) if a file transfer failed. Some languages do not
return this information to the calling program. A batch file that calls
Chapter 2 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 5
Chapter 2 DSZ Quick Reference 6
dsz directly may be used to detect the dsz exit status, or dsz's log file
entries may be examined.
3. COMMANDS
dsz [CON] [port N] [speed S] [handshake XX] [D] [d] command
Dsz commands are an improper subset of Pro-YAM/PowerCom/ZCOMM commands.
***********************************************************
NOTE WELL
Except as noted, all commands must be in entered lower case. (Case is
significant!)
***********************************************************
When used (in any combination), the CON, port, speed, handshake, and d
commands must be given in the order shown.
CON Redirect message output to the DOS "CON" (console) device,
overriding any previous redirections. This prevents lockups when
used with certain communications programs.
handshake XX Enable one of several choices of hardware handshake. (The
default is XOFF/XON software handshake). This command is documented
in the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual. (The ZCOMM manual is available on
all registered bulletin boards as ZCOMMDOC.ARC.)
port N select port N (n = 1,2,3,4 ... 8) Default is port 1 (COM1) or read
from the DSZPORT dos environment variable. In multitasking
operation, accessing a port used by another running program may hang
the machine.
EXAMPLE: to use COM2:
dsz port 2 rz
speed S Set the specified speed. This command is rarely needed because
dsk reads the port's current speed by default. Please refer to to
the FLOW CONTROL, MAIN COMMANDS and SOFTWARE COEXISTENCE chapters in
the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual for important information about the
speed command.
D Disables the modem (drops Data Terminal Ready, DTR) if carrier is
lost. This may be used to prevent spurious events (phone ringing)
from interfering with the calling bulletin board's recovery from
carrier loss.
d Disables carrier dropout monitoring, for modems that do not properly
drive the "Data Carrier Detect" input on the PC.
Chapter 3 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 6
Chapter 3 DSZ Quick Reference 7
LARG Convert ARG to lower case, then parse arg.
pxN Set a numeric parameter x to N. These parameters are mostly a
subset of the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM numeric parameters, and are listed
below. They assume their defaults each time dsz is called. Without
an argument, p displays the numeric parameters and their values.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz p
z pxN Set zmodem numeric parameter x to N. These parameters
correspond to the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM "zmodem" parameters and rarely
need changing. These parameters assume their defaults each time dsz
is called. Without an argument, z p displays the zmodem numeric
parameters and their values.
restrict Restrict pathnames to the current disk and directory tree, and
disallow overwriting of existing files. When dsz is restricted, it
will refuse to transfer files containing the string autoexec.bat and
command.com in upper or lower case. This provides some defense from
malicious uploaded files.
t [-8g] Talk with ZMODEM AutoDownload. The optional -8g (available on
registered copies only) allows "BBS (ANSI) graphics". A small
subset of ZCOMM/Pro-YAM term function subcommands are recognized.
Keyboard F1 or ALT-X to exit. F3 receives file(s) with True
YMODEMTm, ALT-P toggles parity between the 8n default and 8g
(enables ANSI "graphics"). ALT-H toggles two local echo ("Half
Duplex") modes; the second displays a newline on Enter. Keyboarded
ASCII characters are sent to the modem. Modem characters print on
the screen. A device driver such as ANSI.SYS may be used to
recognize escape sequences. ZMODEM AutoDownload detects the start
of a ZMODEM file download and accepts the file(s) without operator
intervention.
rz [-abenprt+Yy] [dir] [file ...] (ZMODEM receive)
rb [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM receive)
rb -g [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM-g receive)
rc [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM/CRC receive)
ro [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM OverThruster receive)
rx [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM receive)
rx -g [-abt+y] file1 (Qmodem-G receive)
sz [-abefnprtY+y] [-w[N]] file ... (ZMODEM send)
Chapter 3 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 7
Chapter 3 DSZ Quick Reference 8
sb [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM, YMODEM-g send)
sb -k [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM-1k send)
sx [-t] file1 (XMODEM, XMODEM/CRC, Qmodem-G send)
sx -k [-t] file1 (XMODEM-1k send)
The meanings of the optional arguments are described in the ZCOMM manual.
3.1 Interrupt Keys
Ctrl-Break Terminates the transfer in progress.
ALT-N Abruptly terminates (NUKES) the transfer in progress.
Ctrl-X Typing a dozen Ctrl-X characters to another ZMODEM program
trminates ZMODEM operations.
4. EXAMPLES
dsz sz c:foo.* b:*.c (send files)
dsz sz -r yzmodem.arc (CRASH RECOVERY: resume interrupted
transfer)
dsz handshake both sz yzmodem.arc (Hardware+Software handshake)
dsz sz -n *.* (send files that are newer or rx has no
copy)
dsz sz -Yn *.* (Only send files that are newer than
receiver's copy)
(Do not send files that do not exist on
receiver's disk)
dsz rz C:/UPLOADS (receive files to specified directory)
dsz port 2 speed 38400 restrict rz
dsz rz -y prog.arc (ZMODEM, single file pathname override)
dsz z pr1 rx foo.dat (XMODEM receive, remove file if error)
dsz pO60 ro foo.dat (XMODEM/OverThruster receive, GEnie MNP)
DSZ LRC L-Y NEWPROG.ARC (generate lower case "rc -y" command)
dsz pv2 sz foo >debug.dmp (Debugging data dump)
Chapter 4 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 8
Chapter 5 DSZ Quick Reference 9
5. NUMERIC PARAMETERS
Dsz uses the following main numeric parameters, settable with the pxN
command.
In addition, dsz uses the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM zmodem numeric parameters
described in the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM manual.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz pQ0
B Set the size of buffer used for disk reads and writes. The default is
1024, 8192 maximum. If your copy of DSZ is running on a floppy disk
system or a slow turkey hard disk, a larger value may give better
results. Too large a value will exhaust memory or induce receiver
timeouts. If performance logging doesn't work, this parameter is too
big. This parameter is supported on versions compiled with TurboC.
EXAMPLE: C>dsz pB4096
Some people have problems when setting the buffer size larger, such as
locking out the performance log. If you aren't bloody sure you need a
bigger buffer, don't use one.
Q Error code returned to DOS (default 1). (Success returns 0.) Some
programs toss cookies when confronted with certain exit codes.
O Controls OverThruster(TM) operation with the ro command (XMODEM,
XMODEM-1k, and YMODEM) downloads. This parameter should be set as
follows:
CompuServe XMODEM Negative numbers control the number of bytes added
to the window on XMODEM downloads from the CompuServe Information
Service. Larger numbers increase throughput, but cause improperly
interfaced MNP modems on CIS nodes to drop characters under stress,
disrupting the file transfer.
EXAMPLE: dsz pO-512 ro file1.ext
Other XMODEM Positive numbers up to a system dependent value less than
the protocol block size increase throughput. Larger values induce
timeouts and/or retransmitted blocks. The optimum value must be
determined by experiment. 60 usually give best results with MNP
modems at 2400 bps. The optimum value varies depending on the remote
computer, modem(s), system traffic, and the network node.
EXAMPLE: dsz pO60 ro file1.ext
S Timeout in seconds (default 15) waiting for restraint release (XON
and/or handshake).
W Wait for Enter key before exiting after an error. Effective on
registered copies. Useful when calling dsz from DESQview, allows the
Chapter 5 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 9
Chapter 5 DSZ Quick Reference 10
window to close unless there is an error message that should remain
visible.
a Calibrates certain protocol timeouts used with XMODEM and YMODEM
transfers (Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM)). This parameter does not
affect ZMODEM transfers.
The a numeric parameter is automatically set to 2000 for a 4.77 mHz PC
or XT, 4000 for a PS2/30, 6000 for an 8 mHz 1ws AT, and 12000 for a
PS2/80. If your computer has a speedup card or otherwise runs
unusually fast (or slow!) for its type, you may set the a numeric
parameter to a value that reflects its speed.
EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 pa4000 rb
d A non zero value (the default) causes incoming files received with
ZMODEM and full YMODEM transfers to have their Date set to that sent
in the file header. ZMODEM's file management features depend on the
transmission of each file's modification date. Files will have the
same creation date, even if the two machines are in different time
zones. When transferring files to/from a Unix system, creation dates
are interpreted according to GMT or Universal Coordinated Time. File
dating may be disabled with a pd1 command.
NOTE: Backdating file creation times may confuse some backup programs.
v Verbose level (debugging output) Negative values inhibit some routine
messages. Setting v to 1 or greater causes serialized copies to ring
the bell when a transfer is done.
z Timezone in minutes behind GMT, used for ZMODEM and True YMODEM file
transfers to coordinate the actual date of the file with computers in
other time zones. Effective on registered copies. PDT or MST
corresponds to 420. This may be preset with the ZONE DOS environment
variable.
6. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following DOS environment variables may be set to modify dsz
operation.
DIRRX (Registered copies only.) Specifies the directory to receive
(download) files. If the sting in DIRRX ends with "/", directory
and/or disk designators in the incoming pathname are stripped, and
only the stem (name and extension) is used. Otherwise, if an incoming
file has an absolute pathname, the incoming pathname is used.
EXAMPLE: C>set DIRRX=C:/rxdirect/
C>dsz rz -r
Chapter 6 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 10
Chapter 6 DSZ Quick Reference 11
DSZFILES (Registered copies only.) May contain a list of pathnames to
transmit, with entries separated by spaces. If present, DSZFILES is
used in place of a normal command line list of files to send with the
sb and szcommands.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZFILES=file1 file2 file3 *.c
C>dsz port 2 handshake on sz -r
In practice, this string would be built up by a calling program and
passed to dsz with a "spawnvpe" or "execvpe" subroutine call.
DSZLOG log file to receive entries for files sent and received. (Default
null). Sample entries:
Z 46532 38400 bps 3324 cps 0 errors 66 1024 DSZ.COM 1177
Z 124087 19200 bps 1880 cps 0 errors 6 1024 MXY.TMP 1177
Transfer times are based on the DOS time of day clock and have one
second jitter. As with all protocol throughput reports generated by
Omen Technology programs (and contrary to the false claims of some
critics), dsz's throughput figures for ZMODEM, Kermit, and True
YMODEM(TM) transfers do not take "credit" for pathname and/or protocol
overhead characters. Dsz's throughput reports do not include the time
required to send the pathname. This understates the true time
required to transfer files, but the time required to send the pathname
often depends on the alacrity of the operator, and thus does not
always reflect the performance of the protocol itself.
Transfers measuring less than one second are reported as having 9999
characters per second throughput.
The unlabeled numeric field after the error (retry) count is the
number of flow control stoppages encountered sending the file. This
number gives an indication of flow control restrictions (overloaded
networks, etc.) encountered during the transfer.
The last numeric field before the file name is the block or subpacket
length used for the last block in the file.
The last field is the serial number of the other program, or -1 if
this information is not available.
The code letter indicates the type of transfer, Z (ZMODEM), S
(X/YMODEM), R (X/YMODEM), E (error), or L (transfer terminated by loss
of data carrier).
EXAMPLE: C>set plog=C:/yam/plog
Chapter 6 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 11
Chapter 6 DSZ Quick Reference 12
DSZOPT String containing default options for DSZ file transfers.
Effective on registered copies only. Options are optional modifiers
to the dsz sz, rz, sx, rx, sb, rb commands.
An 8n may be appended to the string to make BBS (ANSI) graphics the
default for dsz's t command. The ability to preset these options is
especially helpful for controlling ZMODEM automatic downloads from
dsz's t command.
EXAMPLE: C>set DSZOPT=r
Enables dsz's intelligent Crash Recovery as a default.
Let's say you wish ZMODEM crash recovery, and BBS "graphics" for the
term function:
C>set DSZOPT=r8g
WARNING: Do NOT include "ena" or any other commands in the DSZOPT
string. With the exception of the "8g" mode, only **options** may be
placed in the DSZOPT string! (Options are the letters that modify the
sz, rz, sb, etc. commands. In "rz -r", "r" is an option.)
MAXBYTES Maximum number of bytes allowed for transfer. If this number is
exceeded, dsz skips the offending files (ZMODEM) or aborts remaining
files in the batch (YMODEM).
DSZPORT Default communications port override, default 1.
EXAMPLE:
C>set DSZPORT=2
ZONE sets the z numeric parameter to the number of minutes the current
local time lags GMT time. PDT or MST corresponds to 420. (Registered
copies only)
EXAMPLE:
C>set ZONE=420
7. BACKGROUND OPERATION
Three DESQview description files are provided to demonstrate background
operation with modest (66 kb window) memory requirements. Dsz uses tight
C/ASM code, table driven CRC generators, and buffered receive and transmit
for good performance in the background without hogging CPU cycles. On a
QIC Labs PC-AT clone, dsz can download files in the background (3
background clock ticks, 9 foreground clock ticks) with a throughput better
than 9600 bps.
2S Prompts for file name(s) and sends them with ZMODEM protocol. File:
2S-PIF.DVP
Chapter 7 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 12
Chapter 7 DSZ Quick Reference 13
2T Talks to the modem and allows manual YMODEM (F3) or automatic ZMODEM
downloads. File: 2T-PIF.DVP
2A Like 2T, but using Quarterdeck's dvansi.com memory resident ANSI CRT
device driver to process ANSI screen codes. File: 2A-PIF.DVP DS.BAT
is the batch file used by 2A.
These files are written for a port 2 local connection and \TMP directory,
but may be modified to suit your requirements using the DESQview CP
command. The W numeric allows DESQview to close the window after dsz
finishes, providing a pleasant user interface.
Operation at high speed (above 9600 bps) requires the DESQview "Optimize
communications" performance Advanced Setup option.
***********************************************************
WARNING
When running dsz under a multi tasking system such as DESQview, do not
allow two programs to access the same comm port at the same time. At
best, such actions will disrupt communications. At worst, your computer
will attempt to open a subspace channel to V'ger.
***********************************************************
8. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS
8.1 GT POWER 13.00
GT Power version 13.00 includes a YMRX.BAT (YMODEM-g receive) file with an
"rz" command. You guessed it, "rz" is for ZMODEM protocol (the z means
ZMODEM!). Please change the file to use the correct "rb -g" for YMODEM-g.
The files ZMTX.ARC and GT1300.NOT available on many bulletin boards
contain useful information for GT Power users.
8.2 PROCOMM
DSZ may not operate properly when called from Procomm if Procomm has files
open at the time.
When running under ProComm's Host mode, failure to use the CON command may
cause Procomm to lock up the computer.
The POE, PCALL, DSZ_ZAP, and PROZ programs have been popular in
interfacing DSZ to Procomm's editor gateway.
Hint: the DOS PATH environment variable must include Procomm's directory
to allow POE to locate all the POE files,. The POE files should be stored
in the Procomm directory. Setting the "PROCOMM" environment variable is
insufficient.
Chapter 8 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 13
Chapter 8 DSZ Quick Reference 14
8.3 PROCOMM PLUS
DSZ may not operate properly when called from Procomm if Procomm has files
open at the time.
Here are some handy settings for Procomm Plus.
First, set the DOS environment as necessary before running Procomm:
SET DSZPORT=2 (Only needed for COM2)
SET DSZLOG=DSZ.LOG (If you wish a log file)
Then set Procomm's external protocol strings:
A- External protocol 1 upload filename ...ZMODEMU
B- External protocol 1 download filename ... ZMODEMD
And then some short batch files:
ZMODEMU.BAT: DSZ sz %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
ZMODEMD.BAT: DSZ rz
All this and you still don't have Command Download and file AutoDownload,
but then "you pays your money and takes yer choice".
8.4 BULLETIN BOARDS
When installing dsz on a bulletin board or host system, be sure to check
for proper operation when the caller hangs up while a file is being sent
or recieved.
Currently, Only the TurboC version supports file sharing (shared read
access on files sent by dsz).
Some bulletin board interface routines do not call dsz to send a file
until they have verified the file's existience by opening the file. If
this checking is done in MS-DOS's default exclusive open mode, dsz's file
sharing will be defeated.
9. FLOW CONTROL
If you plan to send files, please refer to the Pro-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM
manual FLOW CONTROL chapter for important information on flow control
considerations necessary for proper operation of ZMODEM and other
streaming protocols with buffered (error correcting) modems and/or
Chapter 9 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 14
Chapter 9 DSZ Quick Reference 15
networks.
10. ERROR MESSAGES
Using COM{1|2} Carrier Detect {DISABLED|enabled}
Command line = (commands)
This is a normal message displayed to help resolve problems with incorrect
batch files.
Unknown Machine Type XX, 'a' parameter preset to 6000 indicates a ROM BIOS
that does not follow the IBM specification for identifying the machine
type. If your computer causes dsz to display this message, you may set
the a numeric parameter described elsewhere in this document. This
message is generated before any commands are read, so do not be alarmed
when setting the a parameter doesn't make this message go away. The a
parameter does not affect ZMODEM transfers.
Need more memory to run DSZ or Abnormal program termination is printed by
the TurboC startup routine if dsz is run in too small a memory partition.
If you see this message, use a larger memory partition for dsz or remove
some memory resident programs. This message may also appear if the
calling program fails to free memory before calling dsz.
Carrier Lost is printed when dsz recognizes a loss or lack or carrier
detect signal from the modem. This is caused by a line disconnect,
defective cable, or incorrect modem strapping. It may be disabled with
the d command.
Garbage Count Exceeded Indicates ZMODEM has not detected a valid start of
header in a reasonable number of characters.
If dsz becomes "stuck" on emitting this messages, it is possible the
sending program may not be able to recognize and act upon transmission
requests (ZROPS headers). The sending program should be corrected. In
the meantime, setting a ZMODEM packet length with the "zmodem pl4000"
command forces the sender to wait for the receivers' progress reports.
Permission denied comes from the Microsoft C Library. This may be caused
by attempts to modify a read only file or directory, or create a file in a
nonexistient directory.
A furtive flashing appearance of XOFF or FLOW during ZMODEM or YMODEM-g
file sending signifies dsz is responding to flow control restraint. This
is normal operation when buffered modems or packet switched networks are
used. ZMODEM's robustness and reliability allow creative users to
transfer files over unusual multiple computer lash-ups, causing modem data
lights and computer status displays to dance in unfamiliar rhythms.
ZRPOS indicates the receiving program has detected a transmission error
and has requested a retransmission. In other words, ZMODEM is doing its
Chapter 10 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 15
Chapter 10 DSZ Quick Reference 16
job detecting and correcting garbled data.
Less commonly encountered dsz error messages are explained in the Pro-YAM
manual.
11. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
If you have difficulty getting dsz to work, start with the following
command to dsz directly from the DOS prompt, without running any other
COMM program:
dsz port 1 speed 2400 d t
(Change the port number and speed as necessary.) This connects you to the
modem. Dial a bulletin board by typing AT commands to the modem
("ATDP621-3746"). Log in, and request a ZMODEM download. The file will
transfer automatically.
The "sb" and "sz" commands exploit DOS's tree structured file system. An
"sz" command with no file specified sends all the files in the current
directory. A directory or disk specifier expands to all files in that
directory.
11.1 COMMAND NOT FOUND
If you see this message, make sure DSZ is in the DOS PATH. Too many
environment variable strings may also cause problems.
11.2 DOS 3.x
DOS 3.x systems may need to have a "STACKS = 8,256" line in CONFIG.SYS to
prevent antisocial behavior. This is required on the NEC Multispeed, or if
certain TSR's are used.
11.3 Lockups
DSZ is fastidious about which interrupt vectors it takes over. Unlike
some COMM programs, DSZ grabs only the correct interrupt vector for its
interrupt service routine. This allows multi line operation under
DESQview and other multitasking systems.
However, some incorrectly optioned serial ports will work with programs
that pig out both IRQ3 and IRQ4, but they will lock up with DSZ. If DSZ
locks up the machine as soon as it tries to send or receive data, this is
usually the fault. Make sure the comm port is strapped correctly; COM1
uses IRQ4, COM2 uses IRQ3. DSZ will lock up if the comm port is not
properly set up.
Chapter 11 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 16
Chapter 11 DSZ Quick Reference 17
11.4 Brain Damaged UARTS
Omen Technology has received reports of problems with defective 8250 typt
UART integrated circuits in Leading Edge modem boards, serial port
interfaces, and computers. The defective chip logic affects high
performance software. Replacing the buggy chip with a newer chip (16450
or 16550A) corrects the problem.
11.5 Weird Iron
A few machines, some with V20 CPUs, don't like DSZ.COM. We have not been
able to repeat this; TeleGodzilla (using a V20) runs DSZ.COM without a
hitch. Switching to DSZ.EXE has cleared up the problems on other
machines.
11.6 Will the real YMODEM please stand up?
Some XMODEM programs claiming to support YMODEM do not send or accept the
YMODEM pathname block. 1024 byte XMODEM is XMODEM-1k, not YMODEM as
defined by Ward Christensen in 1985 when he coined the word. 1987
versions of YMODEM.DOC remind the reader of the official YMODEM
definition.
11.7 PC-AT Extended Memory
Virtual memory disk caches and ramdisks using 80286 extended memory
require a hardware reset of the 80286 chip to return to the normal "real
mode" after accessing extended memory. This interference to the interrupt
response time causes lost characters on comm ports, and may be minimized
by specifying shorter memory transfers.
Switching to National 16550A UART chips helps tremendously, allowing
transfers at 115200 bps instead of 9600 bps with a standard 8250.
12. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS
Consult the Professional-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM manual chapter "OPTIONS
FOR FILE TRANSFERS" for option meanings. The "FILE TRANSFER BASICS"
chapter explains the relative merits of XMODEM, YMODEM, ZMODEM, and other
protocols and gives tips on their use. The "MAIN COMMANDS" chapter
describes the rb, rx, rc, rz, sb, and sz commands. The "MODEM
INTERFACING" and "FLOW CONTROL" chapters contain important information on
the use of buffered modems with dsz.
Information on the ZMODEM Inter Application File Transfer Protocol may be
found in ZMODEM.DOC, part of YZMODEM.ZOO (yzmodem.arc).
Chapter 12 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 17
Chapter 12 DSZ Quick Reference 18
C Source code for XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM transfers is included in
RZSZ.ZOO. This file includes a Pro-YAM/ZCOMM script to upload a bootstrap
file to a Unix system, force its compilation, and (if the compilation is
successful) upload the rz/sz source files.
13. FILES
2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, 2T-PIF.DVP DSZ.COM, and DSZ.DOC constitute
Omen Technology's DSZ.ARC.
2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, and 2T-PIF.DVP are used with the DESQview
multitasking for background operation.
ZCOMMDOC.ARC (manual), ZCOMMEXE.ARC (programs), ZCOMMHLP.ARC (help
processor and database), ZCOMM communications tools.
YZMODEM.ARC contains XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM Protocol Descriptions.
RZSZ.ARC contains XMODEM "C" source code. (Unix/Xenix programs).
DSZ.EXE compiled with the Xenix to DOS XC provides moderately higher
maximum throughput (1700 vs 1300 cps downloading to a 4.77 mHz XT). The
speed difference is a function of the compiler, the source code is the
same. The Xenix XC version requires more memory, and does not support
file sharing or a large I/O buffer. This version is available in
DSZEXE.ZOO.
ZCOMM and Pro-YAM also run at a higher speed than DSZ.COM.
Incompatible batch files may cause dsz to fail.
14. CHANGES
Be sure to save the serial number/password card and putsnp program you
received from Omen to use with future versions of DSZ you may download!
3-29-88 There never was a 3-26-88 version, except for use by the
Sandinista troops in Honduras.
3-26-88 First general release compiled with TurboC version 1.5.
Outstanding meganit: on certain networked systems, the reported number of
files on batch send is ridiculous.
This version no longer needs or accepts the "memory allocation patch".
This version has a number of changes to ease interfacing and problem
resolution. The command line and acive com port are displayed to aid
debugging of batch files that call DSZ.
Chapter 14 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 18
Chapter 14 DSZ Quick Reference 19
The DIRRX environment variable may be used to specify sending and
receiving files. If the DIRRX environment variable ends with a slash, any
drive designators and/or directory names in the incoming file are
stripped.
The DSZFILES environment variable may be used to specify an alternate list
of pathnames to transmit whose length is not limited by the DOS command
line. It is typically used by calling programs using one of the C library
"spawn" functions.
Setting the v (verbose) parameter to 1 or greater causes serialized copies
to ring the bell when a transfer is done.
With the sz command, the k option forces a 1024 byte subpacket length and
locks out adaptive subpacket size optimizations for the duration of the
command.
EXAMPLE: sz -k *.c *.h
2-28-88 More changes in DSZ.DOC, no changes to the software.
2-8-88 DSZ.DOC has been extensively rewritten and reorganized. Dsz now
supports the advanced buffering of the National 16550A and Intel 82510
serial interface devices. ZMODEM subpacket length adjustment has been
improved to deal with Telenet congestion.
Pirated/hacked versions of DSZ have cost users and dsz's developer
thousands of dollars in lost time and other expenses, in addition to
injuring the reputation of Omen Technology and its products. Regrettably,
Omen Technology cannot support prior versions of dsz because of this
piracy.
Name Length Date Time CRC
dsz.com 49896 Squeezed 10% 45116 29 Mar 88 2:35a a674
dsz.com 47986 Squeezed 10% 43529 8 Feb 88 8:44a c57e
Your copy of dsz show show this information as provided by
arc v dsz.arc
or
pkxarc -v dsz.arc
If your copy shows a different CRC or file length, insist on a legitimate
copy and report the source of the pirated copy to Omen Technology Inc.
Chapter 15 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 19
Chapter 15 DSZ Quick Reference 20
15. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown.
Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM), Error Containment(TM), OverThruster(TM),
Password Guardian(TM), CryptoScript(TM), and TurboDial(TM) are Omen
Technology trademarks.
PowerCom was trademarked in 1985 by POLYTRON Corporation, Hillsboro
Oregon.
Dsz and this documentation are Copyright 1988 by Omen Technology Inc, all
rights reserved. True YMODEM(TM) is an Omen Technology Trademark
signifying YMODEM protocol support that meets the full YMODEM
specification.
Omen Technology Incorporated
The High Reliability Software
17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road
Portland Oregon 97231
Modem: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200 PEP
Compuserve:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF
Chapter 15 Rev 3-27-88 Typeset 3-29-88 20
CONTENTS
1. LICENSING INFORMATION............................................ 2
1.1 Sharing DSZ Files.......................................... 2
1.2 REGISTRATION............................................... 3
1.3 Files on User Disk......................................... 4
1.4 Bulletin Board Registration................................ 4
2. DESCRIPTION...................................................... 5
3. COMMANDS......................................................... 6
3.1 Interrupt Keys............................................. 8
4. EXAMPLES......................................................... 8
5. NUMERIC PARAMETERS............................................... 9
6. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES............................................ 10
7. BACKGROUND OPERATION............................................. 12
8. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS................................... 13
8.1 GT POWER 13.00............................................. 13
8.2 PROCOMM.................................................... 13
8.3 PROCOMM PLUS............................................... 14
8.4 BULLETIN BOARDS............................................ 14
9. FLOW CONTROL..................................................... 14
10. ERROR MESSAGES................................................... 15
11. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY............................................ 16
11.1 COMMAND NOT FOUND.......................................... 16
11.2 DOS 3.x.................................................... 16
11.3 Lockups.................................................... 16
11.4 Brain Damaged UARTS........................................ 17
11.5 Weird Iron................................................. 17
11.6 Will the real YMODEM please stand up?...................... 17
11.7 PC-AT Extended Memory...................................... 17
12. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS............................................. 17
13. FILES............................................................ 18
14. CHANGES.......................................................... 18
15. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................. 20
- i -
DSZ - a ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), XMODEM File Transfer Program
Chuck Forsberg
Omen Technology Inc
ABSTRACT
ZMODEM - Not just another XMODEM hack
The ZMODEM file transfer protocol provides reliable file and command
transfers with complete END-TO-END data integrity between application
programs. ZMODEM's 32 bit CRC protects against errors that continue to
sneak into even the most advanced networks.
Unlike traditional and many recently introduced protocols, ZMODEM
safeguards all data and supervisory information with effective error
detection.
ZMODEM rapidly transfers files, particularly with buffered (error
correcting) modems, timesharing systems, satellite relays, and wide area
packet switched networks.
User Friendliness is an important ZMODEM feature. ZMODEM AutoDownload
(Automatic file Download initiated without user intervention) greatly
simplifies file transfers compared to the traditional protocols.
ZMODEM provides advanced file management features including Crash
Recovery, flexible control of selective file transfers, and security
verified command downloading.